Dental burs can be used cutting hard tissues – tooth or bone. They may be made from steel, metal, tungsten carbide and diamond grit. There might be a bewildering selection of dental burs in any dental catalogue, but also for basic veterinary just use a number of burs are required.

All burs possess a shank plus a head. There are three main forms of shank – Long Straight Shank (HP), Latch-type Shank (RA) and Friction Grip Shank (FG)

Long Straight Shank (HP)
These shanks go with the nose cone with the slow speed handpiece once the prophy angle or contra angle is removed. You can use them for diamond cutting discs or long 40mm burs. The key utilization of HP burs is within the trimming of small herbivore cheek teeth.

Latch-type Shank (RA)
These shanks go with the latch with the contra-angle on slow speed handpieces. They are often 20mm long and for sale in the same shapes as FG burs.

Friction Grip Shank (FG)
These shanks match the turbine of an high-speed handpiece. The conventional length is 20mm long, but longer surgical lengths can be purchased and these are generally needed for veterinary work.

Round Head
These heads can be used cavity preparation, creating access points, undercuts and channels for luxator blades in extraction. Sizes cover anything from 1/4 to 9. Smaller the number, small the head. The best sizes to use initially are 1, 2, and 4.

Pear Head
These heads bring cavity preparation, access points and splitting roots of small teeth. The most useful sizes are 330 and 330L

Crosscut Tapered Fissure Head
These heads bring sectioning multi-rooted teeth and reducing crown height when disarming dogs. Essentially the most useful sizes are 700/700L and 701/701L.

Finishing Burs
These heads bring finishing restorations, soft tissue recontouring, alveolaplasty, enameloplasty and odontoplasty. They are often obtained as 12 or 30 bladed burs in carbide steel or as diamond heads of varied shapes. They are also like white stone, for composite, or green stone, for amalgam.
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